Hukum Ilahi Sebagai Etika Transendental dalam Inovasi Teknologi Kebidanan yang Humanis: Kajian Literatur Perspektif Islam

Abstract

The rapid advancement of midwifery technology carries a risk of dehumanization when innovation is driven solely by technical efficiency without a moral compass grounded in human dignity. Islamic divine law (syariah), through the principles of maqashid al-shariah, provides a transcendental ethical framework that positions technological innovation as an act of worship and stewardship rather than mere professional activity. This systematic literature review aims to analyze how Islamic divine law functions as transcendental ethics in directing humanistic midwifery technology innovation, and to propose an integrative framework for Islamic-grounded midwifery technology ethics. Using thematic analysis following PRISMA 2020 protocol, 25 studies were selected from 214 records across five databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, DOAJ, Garuda/Sinta). Four major themes emerged: (1) the maqashid al-shariah architecture of divine law as ethical filter, with hifz al-nafs (protection of life) and hifz al-nasl (protection of progeny) serving as the primary evaluative criteria for midwifery technology adoption; (2) the humanistic imperative in midwifery technology that integrates emotional, cultural, and spiritual dimensions alongside clinical efficacy; (3) the role of Islamic religious education in internalizing transcendental motivation, transforming technological innovation from a professional obligation into an act of ibadah; and (4) the convergence between Islamic bioethics and international biomedical ethics standards, demonstrating the compatibility of divine law principles with contemporary professional standards. The article proposes an Islamic Transcendental Ethics Framework comprising three operational principles: maslahah as the evaluative criterion for innovation adoption, amanah as the motivational foundation for ethical innovation, and rahmah as the orientation of humanistic care. Findings consistently demonstrate that divine law compliance functions as both an ethical filter preventing dehumanization and a spiritual motivator sustaining professional dedication beyond material incentives.