Etos Kerja Berbasis Agama dan Kinerja Perawat Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review
Keywords:
Etos Kerja Religius, Kinerja Perawat, Motivasi Kerja, Pendidikan Agama, SpiritualitasAbstract
Kinerja perawat merupakan faktor penentu kualitas pelayanan kesehatan yang memerlukan penguatan nilai-nilai fundamental untuk mempertahankan performa optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara etos kerja berbasis agama dan kinerja perawat Indonesia melalui systematic literature review dengan protokol PRISMA 2020. Pencarian komprehensif dilakukan melalui PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, dan Portal Garuda untuk artikel yang diterbitkan tahun 2015-2024, dengan kriteria inklusi artikel berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris tentang etos kerja, agama, spiritualitas, dan kinerja perawat dari jurnal terakreditasi. Dari 1.847 artikel teridentifikasi, sebanyak 52 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan thematic synthesis dengan penilaian kualitas Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Analisis mengidentifikasi lima tema utama: (1) nilai spiritual sebagai fondasi dedikasi kerja; (2) prinsip ibadah sebagai motivasi intrinsik dalam pelayanan kesehatan; (3) etika profesi berbasis ajaran agama dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis; (4) pendidikan agama sebagai fondasi pembentukan karakter; serta (5) implementasi spiritual care dalam meningkatkan luaran pasien dan kepuasan kerja perawat. Temuan menunjukkan etos kerja berbasis agama berkorelasi positif dengan kinerja perawat melalui penguatan motivasi intrinsik, peningkatan komitmen organisasi, dan peningkatan resiliensi menghadapi stres kerja. Pendidikan agama berperan sebagai faktor mediasi dalam internalisasi nilai spiritual ke dalam praktik keperawatan profesional. Kontribusi teoretis meliputi pengembangan kerangka Spiritual Work Ethics in Nursing (SWEN), sedangkan kontribusi praktis mencakup rekomendasi integrasi pendidikan agama dalam kurikulum keperawatan dan implementasi program bimbingan spiritual.
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