Konsep Manusia dalam Kitab Suci dan Implikasinya Terhadap Etika Profesi Ahli Gizi: Tinjauan Literatur
Penelitian
Keywords:
Konsep Manusia, Kitab Suci, Etika Profesi, Ahli Gizi, Pendidikan AgamaAbstract
Profesi ahli gizi semakin dituntut untuk bergerak melampaui paradigma biomedis yang sempit menuju pendekatan pelayanan yang benar-benar holistik, namun fondasi filosofis yang menopang pergeseran paradigma tersebut belum mendapat perhatian yang memadai dalam pendidikan gizi. Kitab suci dari berbagai tradisi keagamaan menawarkan konsepsi yang kaya tentang hakikat manusia sebagai entitas multidimensional yang bernilai intrinsik, dan konsepsi ini berpotensi menjadi landasan etis yang kuat bagi praktik profesi ahli gizi. Artikel ini bertujuan mensintesis konsep manusia dalam berbagai kitab suci dan menganalisis implikasi etis serta operasionalnya terhadap praktik dan pendidikan profesi ahli gizi. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan literatur sistematis dengan analisis tematik terhadap sumber-sumber akademik dari basis data Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect, mencakup publikasi tahun 2014 hingga 2024. Seleksi literatur mengikuti panduan PRISMA dan penilaian kualitas dilakukan menggunakan instrumen CASP. Analisis terhadap 28 literatur yang memenuhi kriteria menghasilkan tiga tema utama. Pertama, berbagai kitab suci secara konsisten memandang manusia sebagai entitas holistik dan bermartabat yang mencakup dimensi fisik, mental, emosional, sosial, dan spiritual sebagai satu kesatuan yang tak terpisahkan. Kedua, pemahaman holistik tersebut memiliki implikasi transformatif bagi etika profesi ahli gizi, khususnya dalam hal penghormatan terhadap otonomi pasien, kepekaan terhadap latar belakang spiritual, dan orientasi pelayanan yang berpusat pada pribadi utuh. Ketiga, integrasi konsep ini ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan agama di perguruan tinggi gizi melalui metode pembelajaran berbasis kasus dan praktik reflektif merupakan langkah strategis yang mendesak. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemahaman keagamaan tentang hakikat manusia dapat memperkuat fondasi etis profesi ahli gizi dan mendorong terwujudnya pelayanan gizi yang lebih manusiawi, holistik, dan relevan bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang religius.
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